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Bachelet: Women President


"We have come to a state that protects people ... Towards a public policy increasingly ... the economic crisis has been to highlight the importance of what has been the main seal my Government: Social Protection "
I chose these words of the last public accounts of President Michelle Bachelet, I think both reflect the meaning of his speech as also the hallmark of his government. Gone are the sour transantiago and penguin revolution, which led to Andrew of Allamand raised his theory of eviction, an issue that now seems so unfortunate that suggested that a woman could not lead the destinies of the country. Today the President with almost 70% approval silenced the voices of the opposition but also from the machismo of his own coalition.

His speech on May 21 focused on what is the core of his government, Social Security, but to make progress in this regard, said the handling of the economy that has been the executive in his time and especially the made by the Minister Hacienda Andrés Velasco. The latter was sharply criticized the first 2 years of governance by the national political class and there were many who yearn for the former Minister Nicolas Eyzaguirre hyperventilated, but it was his coalition allies whipped the more acidic because of its austerity the case of public expenditure in the context of high copper prices. Explicitly why the President emphasized the management of the economy, which has allowed better cope with an economic crisis of great magnitude. In this sense, for the rest of government is remarkable fiscal stimulus plan of $ 4,000 million, the transitional phase to stamp to credit, prepayment income tax 2010 operation in September 2009, submitted to Congress for reform to the Capital Market 3 in June. Likewise, the President noticed the Pro Credit will increase by $ 3,600 million resources now offers the financial system.
In short, the President in his speech yesterday marked an agenda that will promote economic empowerment in the context of global crisis, but without departing from its agenda of social protection.
A couple of years ago, politicians from left and right for many years indicated that a woman would not rule in Chile again, governance based on a responsible fiscal policy has shown that a woman and several others may govern a country which is still very sexist.

Andres Jouannet Valderrama

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Araucanía

In 2005, as head of the Social Division of the Ministry of Planning, I had to lead 4 core programs in line with equity growth of the government of then President Richard Lagos, the Chile Solidario, the Integral Development Program for Children now known as "Chile Grows with You", the Prime CASEN and Registration of Persons in the Street " was in the context of these programs, we conducted in conjunction with the UNDP a comparative study called "Pathways of Human Development Index in the Communes of Chile 1994-2003 (IHRC),"

The IHRC was done under the auspices and PDUD methodology by a team of Social Division of the Ministry of Planning.

Human Development Index
Human Development Index is a kind of universal way to visualize the quality of life in which people live in countries, regions and communes, is the most respected in this type measurements, so that both its methodology and its results are unquestionable by different nations. Moreover this information is provided regularly by the United Nations Program for Development (UNDP), an agency of the United Nations (UN) as it calve for decision making in social policy.

What measures the Human Development Index (HDI)?
Human Development Index (HDI) is the instrument that measures the progress through a country with respect to the quality of life of people represented by the three most important opportunities and permanent human: life expectancy, which reflects a long and healthy life, level of education, which summarizes the knowledge acquired and income per capita, indicating the ability to access resources to live in dignity (UNDP 2009).

What is the use HDI in the Communes of Chile IDHC?
For By establishing fixed goals floors and the logic of the minimum and maximum policy allows each country, region and communities can compare themselves. Which compares to the communes in a period of time and observe your progress on objective parameters which must be measured against the ideal HR es1. In this sense, as the report itself "The ultimate aim of this paper is to provide tools for a public debate that affects the transformation of society. It is known that this ambitious objective is not achieved only with the mere quantification of local realities, but can be a powerful starting point (IDHC 2005: 8-9). IHRC

Araucanía Region
Unfortunately at that time we found that a region in Chile with an IHRC lean compared to other regions of the country was our region of Araucanía, so if someone thinks that only now our region presents figures are wrong, however that unfortunately we could not break the negative trend in this not only one of the poorest regions of Chile, but at different rates Araucanía always with the red.

The contradiction of this in our own region that occur as diverse realities that show how some people in it (at least) live and in Baden Württemberg, Germany's richest region and the other end (most) live in as some African countries. The indexes do not lie and effectively in our region can live very well when there are opportunities or very badly in the absence of them.

keys to change this historical trend has to do with a regional project agreed between all relevant social and political actors, that includes cultural integration, so the non-discrimination annealed while ethnic and cultural particularities which the Mapuche is a key issue but a regional one integral body. This project has to be at the center, a quality education and diverse, where the state must continue to play the lead role, a European. Also, without new and innovative private investment is impossible to transform into other opportunities and development, therefore any project must be environmentally sustainable but that will lead to economic success and social.
In short, the Araucanía region should base its development in a bid to be the Green Region of Chile, tourism, productive, innovative, inclusive and no artificial conflicts that end up alienating the talent and investment.

Dr. Andres Jouannet Valderrama

Part of this article appeared in the Diario Austral Araucanía, in the context of the article "2-sided Araucanía", made by reporter Tania Marquez, in this social differences showed that people living in the Araucanía.

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Magras rich and poor figures and regional downturn *

As a glass half full (but half a glass at the end) could classify the results of the V National Urban Survey of Public Safety, for 2008 (ENUSC). Why some indices measuring instrument are positive, but others are worrying about all the results of our region. According
information ENUSC 2008, the national victimization has been set at 35.3%. However, if we compare overall victimization from 2007 this was 34.8, which means 0.5% less than last figure can be considered statistically marginal and not significant but up from the previous year and stabilized at a figure that we should leave satisfied.
However, while victimization has stabilized nationally, in the Araucanía grows considerably, being next to the Region of Aysen one of the most up on this index if victimization in 2007 represented a 32.1% jump in 2008 to 39.5%. This means that our region is the second region with the highest rates in this category.
The myopic always say that the blame for this lies with the Government, police, prosecutors and all that is, but I think this issue is deeper on the Araucanía. Starting the national government is centralized, so we're not in a federal state, there is no autonomy to make decisions in terms of security, except short-term and minor issues, otherwise the police and all police have demonstrated more than professionalism that has made her one of the most beloved institutions by the citizenry, the prosecution for their part still can not engage a system to protect victims and actually ends with the criminal penalties consistent with the crime committed, said that judges apply lower sentences, but they say that they comply with requests for evidence and prosecutors.
The truth is that the numbers are negative and we can not condemn that families continue to suffer the scourge of crime, therefore we must invest more in safety for people and their families, can not be that criminals walk peacefully at the streets and people on the fence enclosing their homes.
Beyond this, no doubt there responsabuilidades lean on these regional figures, but as already mentioned, there seems to be something else in the Araucanía. These alarming figures of victimization must be added the high rate of unemployment, one of the largest in the country, our poor results in Test Simce, the poor numbers of private investment to talk about the pollution of Temuco. Will the Araucanía is doomed to be toward the bottom of the table in almost all subjects and therefore have one of the human development index lowest in the country?
I think it's time to break this losing streak, not always went well and I'm sure we can be better, just missing the big regional arrangement where all agree on a sustainable development project, but economically and socially successful. Only then will leave the pessimism and these lean figures.

* A version of this article was published in the Diario Austral Araucanía May 13, 2009

V. Andres Jouannet Dr.
in Political Science from the University of Heidelberg Academic
Catholic University of Temuco

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citizen Plaza: The plaza of reconciliation

March 11, 1990, former President Patricio Aylwin in his inauguration speech office in the National Stadium, called the People, the Chilean people for national reconciliation, saying "it is beautiful and diverse task ahead, restore a climate of respect and trust and harmony in all Chileans who want regardless of their beliefs, ideas, activities or social status, whether civilian or military "at the time when appointing the" military ", a deafening whistling was heard throughout the stadium, against which the new democratically elected president snapped very power and authority "Yes sir, yes fellow civil or military, Chile is one!" reaffirms that raising much later over his voice and his index finger moving towards the mountain range "the sins of people can not commit to all, we must be able to reconstruct the unity of the Chilean family!", before it transforms the National blunders in a standing ovation several minutes.
I wanted to recall the words at the beginning of our new democracy, nearly twenty years later to mark as demonstrated by the time the civil-military relations. Who would have said, our advanced and consolidated democracy and Aylwin's dream of national reconciliation has been slowly but surely been left between us. When Colonel Luis Chamorro, commander Tucapel Regiment opened the Plaza of Citizenship in the same regiment, as a stroll for the people, for the simple people of Neruda, but I could not go back to the words of the old President, who with his democratic force encouraged us younger to reconcile and not making the mistakes of the divisions that caused much pain to their homeland. Twenty years later we have understood that, as Don Patricio said, "Chile is one," and the military are Chilean and the Army is from Chile.
The opening of this place, unprecedented in our history as a republic, is synonymous with the social and political situation of our country, that natural differences our social, political and cultural link us democracy, peace, freedom and solidarity. Tucapel Regiment
thank you for giving us this beautiful square is the symbol of reconciliation among Chileans.


Andres Jouannet (PhD) Professor
Temuco Catholic University